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修改源：
sed -i 's/dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/g' /etc/apk/repositories
apk update

解决找不到iprout2的步骤：
apk add iprout2
ERROR: unable to select packages:
  iprout2 (no such package):
    required by: world[iprout2]

分两部分了，和之前链接说明的不一样，成功实践成功如下：
apk add iproute2-ss
(1/1) Installing iproute2-ss (5.12.0-r0)
Executing busybox-1.33.1-r3.trigger
OK: 60 MiB in 102 packages
/data/www # ss -s
Total: 527
TCP:   199 (estab 140, closed 42, orphaned 0, timewait 28)

Transport Total     IP        IPv6
RAW       0         0         0        
UDP       6         4         2        
TCP       157       139       18      
INET      163       143       20      
FRAG      0         0         0




apk list|less
iproute2-minimal-5.12.0-r0
于是得运行：
/data/www # apk add iproute2-minimal (1/3) Installing fts (1.2.7-r1) (2/3) Installing libelf (0.182-r1) (3/3) Installing iproute2-minimal (5.12.0-r0) Executing busybox-1.33.1-r3.trigger OK: 60 MiB in 101 packages

ip link list
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 02:50:00:00:00:01 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
3: tunl0@NONE: <NOARP> mtu 1480 qdisc noop state DOWN mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
    link/ipip 0.0.0.0 brd 0.0.0.0
4: ip6tnl0@NONE: <NOARP> mtu 1452 qdisc noop state DOWN mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
    link/tunnel6 :: brd :: permaddr 76d0:a339:d4d8::
5: services1@if6: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP mode DEFAULT group default
    link/ether 4e:cc:8c:b9:b1:3d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 0
7: docker0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN mode DEFAULT group default
    link/ether 02:42:78:54:32:ae brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff


ip route show
default via 192.168.65.1 dev eth0 proto dhcp src 192.168.65.3 metric 202
10.1.0.0/16 dev cni0 proto kernel scope link src 10.1.0.1
127.0.0.0/8 dev lo scope host
172.17.0.0/16 dev docker0 proto kernel scope link src 172.17.0.1 linkdown
192.168.65.0/24 dev eth0 proto dhcp scope link src 192.168.65.3 metric 202
192.168.65.5 dev services1 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.65.4


查看网络链接统计
命令：ss -s

# ss -s
Total: 8551
TCP:   5458 (estab 30, closed 5417, orphaned 5, timewait 1883)

Transport Total     IP        IPv6
RAW       0         0         0
UDP       1         1         0
TCP       41        41        0
INET      42        42        0
FRAG      0         0         0

在服务器产生大量链接的时候，可以通过这个命令宏观的查看链接状态。

查看打开的端口
命令：ss -l

# ss -l
Netid            State              Recv-Q           Send-Q       Local Address:Port   Peer Address:Port
nl               UNCONN             0                  0                  rtnl:9501              *                
nl               UNCONN             0                  0                  rtnl:kernel            *                                  
nl               UNCONN             768                0               tcpdiag:kernel            *                                  
nl               UNCONN             4352               0               tcpdiag:ss/1301           *
nl               UNCONN             0                  0                  xfrm:kernel            *
nl               UNCONN             0                  0             fiblookup:kernel            *
nl               UNCONN             0                  0                   nft:kernel            *
nl               UNCONN             0                  0                uevent:kernel            *
nl               UNCONN             0                  0                  genl:kernel            *
udp              UNCONN             0                  0            127.0.0.11:40876          0.0.0.0:*
tcp              LISTEN             0                  1               0.0.0.0:30002          0.0.0.0:*
tcp              LISTEN             0                  100             0.0.0.0:9080           0.0.0.0:*
tcp              LISTEN             0                  50              0.0.0.0:5989           0.0.0.0:*
tcp              LISTEN             0                  128          127.0.0.11:33670          0.0.0.0:*

还可以使用 -pl参数，会列出每个端口使用的进程名、pid：

users:(("java",pid=1,fd=4))
1
iproute2 命令 ip
Usage: ip [ OPTIONS ] OBJECT { COMMAND | help }
       ip [ -force ] -batch filename
where  OBJECT := { link | address | addrlabel | route | rule | neigh | ntable |
                   tunnel | tuntap | maddress | mroute | mrule | monitor | xfrm |
                   netns | l2tp | fou | macsec | tcp_metrics | token | netconf | ila |
                   vrf | sr }
       OPTIONS := { -V[ersion] | -s[tatistics] | -d[etails] | -r[esolve] |
                    -h[uman-readable] | -iec | -j[son] | -p[retty] |
                    -f[amily] { inet | inet6 | ipx | dnet | mpls | bridge | link } |
                    -4 | -6 | -I | -D | -M | -B | -0 |
                    -l[oops] { maximum-addr-flush-attempts } | -br[ief] |
                    -o[neline] | -t[imestamp] | -ts[hort] | -b[atch] [filename] |
                    -rc[vbuf] [size] | -n[etns] name | -a[ll] | -c[olor]}

显示网卡和IP地址
命令：ip link list

# ip link lis
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
7058: eth0@if7059: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP mode DEFAULT group default
link/ether 02:42:ac:14:00:06 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 0

显示路由
命令：ip route show

# ip route show
default via 172.20.0.1 dev eth0
172.20.0.0/16 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 172.20.0.6

显示ARP
命令：ip neigh shwo

# ip neigh show
172.20.0.8 dev eth0 lladdr 02:42:ac:14:00:08 REACHABLE
172.20.0.30 dev eth0 lladdr 02:42:ac:14:00:1e REACHABLE
172.20.0.5 dev eth0 lladdr 02:42:ac:14:00:05 REACHABLE
172.20.0.27 dev eth0 lladdr 02:42:ac:14:00:1b REACHABLE
172.20.0.2 dev eth0 lladdr 02:42:ac:14:00:02 REACHABLE
172.20.0.16 dev eth0 lladdr 02:42:ac:14:00:10 REACHABLE
172.20.0.9 dev eth0 lladdr 02:42:ac:14:00:09 REACHABLE
172.20.0.31 dev eth0 lladdr 02:42:ac:14:00:1f REACHABLE
172.20.0.20 dev eth0 lladdr 02:42:ac:14:00:14 REACHABLE
172.20.0.13 dev eth0 lladdr 02:42:ac:14:00:0d REACHABLE
172.20.0.3 dev eth0 lladdr 02:42:ac:14:00:03 REACHABLE
172.20.0.17 dev eth0 lladdr 02:42:ac:14:00:11 REACHABLE
172.20.0.7 dev eth0 lladdr 02:42:ac:14:00:07 REACHABLE
172.20.0.21 dev eth0 lladdr 02:42:ac:14:00:15 REACHABLE
172.20.0.14 dev eth0 lladdr 02:42:ac:14:00:0e REACHABLE
172.20.0.28 dev eth0 lladdr 02:42:ac:14:00:1c REACHABLE
172.20.0.18 dev eth0 lladdr 02:42:ac:14:00:12 REACHABLE
172.20.0.11 dev eth0 lladdr 02:42:ac:14:00:0b REACHABLE
172.20.0.25 dev eth0 lladdr 02:42:ac:14:00:19 REACHABLE
172.20.0.22 dev eth0 lladdr 02:42:ac:14:00:16 REACHABLE
172.20.0.15 dev eth0 lladdr 02:42:ac:14:00:0f REACHABLE
172.20.0.29 dev eth0 lladdr 02:42:ac:14:00:1d REACHABLE
172.20.0.32 dev eth0 lladdr 02:42:ac:14:00:20 REACHABLE
172.20.0.4 dev eth0 lladdr 02:42:ac:14:00:04 REACHABLE
172.20.0.1 dev eth0 lladdr 02:42:a3:cf:8b:1f REACHABLE
172.20.0.23 dev eth0 lladdr 02:42:ac:14:00:17 REACHABLE

Rules
命令：ip rule list

来自：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_23146469/article/details/89963264

作者：jackxiang@向东博客 专注WEB应用 构架之美 --- 构架之美，在于尽态极妍 | 应用之美，在于药到病除
地址：https://jackxiang.com/post/11687/
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