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1。实现不同用户不同权限
现在我们就来实现三个用户的不同权限：a.upload用户，可以上传下载，可以新建文件夹，但不能删除文件和文件夹，不能重命名原有文件和文件夹；b.download用户，只能下载；c.admin用户，管理员，可以上传，可以下载，可以新建文件夹，可以删除和更改文件和文件夹名。这些用户都不能登录系统，并且用ftp连接时锁定在自己的家目录中不能进入系统文件夹。
a.cat <logins.txt
>upload
>******* #upload用户的密码
>download
>*******
>admin
>****************
>!
说明，此文本文件的格式是：单数行为用户名，偶数行为密码
b.db_load -T -t hash -f logins.txt /etc/vsftpd_login.db
c.chmod 600 /etc/vsftpd_login.db
d.呵呵(这步被vionna删除了)
e.useradd -d /home/ftpsite virtual；chmod 700 /home/ftpsite;su - virtual -c "echo hello>/homt/ftpsite/test.file（建立虚拟用户所要访问的ftp目录并设置仅virtual用户访问的权限和创建一个供下载实验的文件）
f.vi /etc/vsftpd.conf在此文件中插入下面的配置语句
guest_enable=YES（启用虚拟用户）
guest_username=virtual（将虚拟用户映射为本地virtual用户）
pam_service_name=vsftpd（指定PAM配置文件为在/etc/pam.d/下的vsftpd）
user_config_dir=/etc/vsftpd_user_conf（指定不同虚拟用户配置文件的存放路径）
保存退出
g.mkdir /etc/vsftpd_user_conf
h.开放不同用户的不同权限　echo "anon_world_readable_only=MO">/etc/vsftpd_user_conf/download（开放download用户的下载权限——只能下载；注意这个不地方不要写成YES，否则将不能列出文件和目录）
cp /etc/vsftpd_user_conf/download /etc/vsftpd_user_conf/upload
vi /etc/vsftpd_user_conf/upload，添加下列行
write_enable=YES （增加写权限）
anon_upload_enable=YES（增加上传权限）
anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES (增加创建目录的权限）
cp /etc/vsftpd_user_conf/upload /etc/vsftpd_user_conf/admin
增加一行：
anno_other_writer_enable=YES（增加管理员用户的删除/重命名的权限）
i.测试
killall -9 vsftpd;/usr/local/sbin/vsftpd /etc/vsftpd.conf &
ftp 127.0.0.1 2121
以用户名download和你设置的密码登录，ls，可以看到文件，下载，成功！put一个文件，提示
Permission denied。rename test.file同样权限被拒绝；delete test.file同样不成功！
输入quit退出，以upload用户登录，OK！可以上传，下载，mkdir lsf，提示“/lsf" created；rename lsf lsf1提示Permission denied,删除文件同样不成功！
输入quit退出，以admin用户登录，可以有上述所有权限，然后rmdir lsf,提示Remove directory oeration successful;delete test.file提示Delete operation successful!OK，大功告成了！

附目
1.我的/etc/vsftpd.conf文件的内容
引用:
# Example config file /etc/vsftpd.conf
#
# The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file
# loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.
# Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults.
#
# READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.
# Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's
# capabilities.
#
# Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware - allowed by default if you comment this out).
anonymous_enable=NO
#
# Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.
local_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.
write_enable=YES
#
# Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,
# if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)
local_umask=022
#
# Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only
# has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will
# obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.
anon_upload_enable=NO
#
# Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create
# new directories.
anon_mkdir_write_enable=NO
#
# Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they
# go into a certain directory.
dirmessage_enable=YES
#
# Activate logging of uploads/downloads.
xferlog_enable=YES
#
# Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).
connect_from_port_20=YES
#
# If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by
# a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not
# recommended!
#chown_uploads=YES
#chown_username=whoever
#
# You may override where the log file goes if you like. The default is shown
# below.
#xferlog_file=/var/log/vsftpd.log
#
# If you want, you can have your log file in standard ftpd xferlog format
#xferlog_std_format=YES
#
# You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.
#idle_session_timeout=600
#
# You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.
#data_connection_timeout=120
#
# It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the
# ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.
#nopriv_user=ftpsecure
#
# Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not
# recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,
# however, may confuse older FTP clients.
#async_abor_enable=YES
#
# By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore
# the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII
# mangling on files when in ASCII mode.
# Beware that turning on ascii_download_enable enables malicious remote parties
# to consume your I/O resources, by issuing the command "SIZE /big/file" in
# ASCII mode.
# These ASCII options are split into upload and download because you may wish
# to enable ASCII uploads (to prevent uploaded scripts etc. from breaking),
# without the DoS risk of SIZE and ASCII downloads. ASCII mangling should be
# on the client anyway..
ascii_upload_enable=YES
ascii_download_enable=YES
#
# You may fully customise the login banner string:
ftpd_banner=Welcome to Serv-U FTP serser.
#
# You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently
# useful for combatting certain DoS attacks.
#deny_email_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd.banned_emails
#
# You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home
# directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of
# users to NOT chroot().
chroot_list_enable=YES
# (default follows)
chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd.chroot_list
#
# You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by
# default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large
# sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume
# the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.
#ls_recurse_enable=YES
chroot_local_user=YES
listen_port=2121
listen=yes
guest_enable=YES
guest_username=virtual
pasv_min_port=30000
pasv_max_port=30999
pam_service_name=vsftpd
anon_world_readable_only=NO
user_config_dir=/etc/vsftpd_user_conf


2.我的/etc/vsftpd_user_conf/download的内容
引用:
anon_world_readable_only=NO

3.我的/etc/vsftpd_user_conf/upload的内容
引用:
anon_world_readable_only=NO
write_enable=YES
anon_upload_enable=YES
anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES

4.我的/etc/vsftpd_user_conf/admin的内容
引用:
anon_world_readable_only=NO
write_enable=YES
anon_upload_enable=YES
anon_other_write_enable=YES
anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES

作者：jackxiang@向东博客 专注WEB应用 构架之美 --- 构架之美，在于尽态极妍 | 应用之美，在于药到病除
地址：https://jackxiang.com/post/241/
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