一、准备实验环境
1、IP地址规划
VIP: 172.16.10.8
nginx1:172.16.10.1
nginx2:172.16.10.2
php1:172.16.10.3
php2:172.16.10.4
web:172.16.10.6
2、网络拓扑图
212133877.png
3、服务器配置
nginx1服务器
view sourceprint?
sed -i 's@\(HOSTNAME=\).*@\1nginx1.xiaodong.com@g' /etc/sysconfig/network
echo "172.16.10.2 nginx1.xiaodong.com nginx2" >> /etc/hosts
ssh-keygen -t rsa
ssh-copy-id .ssh/id_rsa.pub ngix2
nginx2服务器
view sourceprint?
sed -i 's@\(HOSTNAME=\).*@\1nginx2.xiaodong.com@g' /etc/sysconfig/network
echo "172.16.10.1 nginx1.xiaodong.com nginx1" >> /etc/hosts
ssh-keygen -t rsa
ssh-copy-id .ssh/id_rsa.pub ngix2
二、安装nginx服务器(nginx1,nginx2)
view sourceprint?
[root@nginx1 ~]# tar xf nginx-1.4.2.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@nginx1 ~]# cd /usr/local/
[root@nginx1 local]# groupadd -r nginx
[root@nginx1 local]# useradd -r -g nginx nginx
[root@nginx1 nginx-1.4.2]# cd nginx-1.4.2/
[root@nginx1 nginx-1.4.2]# ./configure \
--prefix=/usr \
--sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx \
--conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \
--error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log \
--http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \
--pid-path=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid \
--lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock \
--user=nginx \
--group=nginx \
--with-http_ssl_module \
--with-http_flv_module \
--with-http_stub_status_module \
--with-http_gzip_static_module \
--http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client/ \
--http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy/ \
--http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/ \
--http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/uwsgi \
--http-scgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/scgi \
--with-pcre
[root@nginx1 nginx-1.4.2]# make && make install
[root@nginx1 nginx-1.4.2]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx
[root@nginx1 nginx-1.4.2]# service nginx start
注意:在安装的过程中可能会缺少一些包,但是不必担心,只要使用yum install 就可用解决问题喽
1、nginx支持php的配置(nginx1,nginx2)
view sourceprint?
[root@nginx1 ~]# vim /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params
fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1;
fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx;
fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI $document_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name;
~
2、修改nginx配置文件(nginx1,nginx2),实现动静分离并记录访问者的IP
view sourceprint?
worker_processes 2;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
sendfile on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
proxy_connect_timeout 5;
proxy_read_timeout 60;
proxy_send_timeout 5;
proxy_buffer_size 16k;
proxy_buffers 4 64k;
proxy_busy_buffers_size 128k;
proxy_temp_file_write_size 128k;
proxy_temp_path /home/temp_dir;
proxy_cache_path /home/cache levels=1:2 keys_zone=cache_one:200m inactive=1d max_size=30g;
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 16k;
gzip_http_version 1.1;
gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
gzip_vary on;
gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]\.";
upstream web {
server 172.16.10.3:9000 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s;
server 172.16.10.4:9000 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s;
server 172.16.10.1:80 backup;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
root /web/htdoc;
fastcgi_pass web;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
}
location ~ \.(html|htm|gif|jpg|jpeg|bmp|png|ico|txt|js|css)$ {
proxy_pass http://172.16.10.6;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
}
}
}
注释:
第10行-18行 :开启代理缓存功能
第19行-26行: 开启压缩功能
第44行-51行: 转发动态网页
第50 行: 修改头部信息,使得后端web服务器可以看到访问端的地址
第53行—56行: 转发静态网页
三、安装FastCgi服务器
1、php1与php2服务器
view sourceprint?
[root@php1 ~]#yum install gcc libxml2-devel openssl-devel bzip2-devel libmcrypt-devel -y
[root@php1 ~]# tar xf php-5.4.19.tar.bz2
[root@php1 ~]# cd php-5.4.19
[root@php1 php-5.4.19]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/httpd/php --with-mysql=mysqlnd --with-openssl --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --enable-mbstring --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --enable-sockets --enable-fpm --with-mcrypt --with-config-file-path=/etc --with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php.d --with-bz2
[root@php1 php-5.4.19]# make && make install
2、为php提供配置文件 (php1与php2)
view sourceprint?
[root@php1 php-5.4.19]# cp /usr/local/httpd/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default/usr/local/httpd/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
[root@php1 php-5.4.19]# cp php.ini-production /etc/php.ini
3、为php-fpm提供Sysv init脚本,并将其添加至服务列表(php1与php2)
view sourceprint?
[root@php1 php-5.4.19]# cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm[root@php1 php-5.4.19]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm
[root@php1 php-5.4.19]# chkconfig --add php-fpm
[root@php1 php-5.4.19]# chkconfig php-fpm on
4、修改配置文件(php1与php2)
view sourceprint?
[root@php1 ~]# vim /usr/local/httpd/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
listen = 172.16.10.3:9000
5、启动服务(php1与php2)
view sourceprint?
root@php1 php-5.4.19]# service php-fpm start
6、创建php网址目录(php1)
view sourceprint?
[root@php1 ~]# mkdir -pv /web/htdoc/
[root@php1 ~]# vim /web/htdoc/index.php
<h1> php1 </h1>
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
7、创建php网址目录(php2)
view sourceprint?
[root@php2 ~]# mkdir -pv /web/htdoc/
[root@php2 ~]# vim /web/htdoc/index.php
<h1> php2 </h1>
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
四、安装http服务器(用于静态服务器)
view sourceprint?
[root@http ~]# yum install httpd -y
[root@http ~]#echo "<h1>stati html 172.16.10.6 </h1>" > >/var/www/html/index.html
[root@http ~]#service httpd start
五、测试nginx是否实现负载均衡以及动静分离
1、访问动态页面测试
200202922.png
200206459.png
2、访问静态页面测试
200252219.png
此时虽然实现了Nginx的负载均衡以后动静分离,但是无法保证nginx服务器的高可用,下面配置nginx的高可用
六、配置Nginx的高可用服务
1、安装heartbeat(nginx1,nginx2)
view sourceprint?
[root@nginx1 ~]# yum install heartbeat -y
2、复制模块文件
view sourceprint?
[root@nginx1 ha.d]# cd /usr/share/doc/heartbeat-3.0.4/
[root@nginx1 heartbeat-3.0.4]# cp authkeys ha.cf haresources /etc/ha.d/
注释:
authkeys #是节点之间的认证key文件
ha.cf #heartbeat的主配置文件
haresources #集群资源管理配置文件
3、修改authkeys配置文件
view sourceprint?
[root@nginx1 ha.d]# openssl rand -hex 8>> /etc/ha.d/authkeys 生成随机数
[root@nginx1 ha.d]# vim authkeys
auth 2
#1crc
#2sha1 HI!
#3md5 Hello!
2sha1 07cc87ff210e92e0
4、修改权限
view sourceprint?
[root@nginx1 ha.d]# chmod 600authkeys
5、修改主配置文件
view sourceprint?
[root@nginx1 ha.d]# vim ha.cf
logfile /var/log/ha-log
keepalive 2
deadtime 30
warntime 10
ucast eth0 172.16.10.2#指向nginx2的IP
node nginx1.xiaodong.com
node nginx2.xiaodong.com
6、修改资源配置文件
view sourceprint?
[root@nginx1 ~]# vim /etc/ha.d/haresources
ngnix1.xiaodong.com 172.16.10.8/16/eth0 nginx
注意:此处说明,nginx1为主节点
7、复制配置文件到nginx2
view sourceprint?
[root@nginx1 ~]# cd /etc/ha.d/
[root@nginx1 ha.d]# scp -p authkeys haresources ha.cf nginx2:/etc/ha.d/
8、启动heartbeat服务
view sourceprint?
[root@nginx1 ~]# service heartbeat start
[root@nginx2 ~]# service heartbeat start
9、测试heartbeat与nginx是否结合
查看nginx1的启动日志
210931144.png
10、停止nginx1服务
view sourceprint?
[root@nginx1 ~]# service heartbeat stop
当nginx1停掉之后,查看nginx2日志信息
210953889.png
以上信息反馈出来了,当nginx1 down掉之后,nginx2立刻检测到,并启动nginx服务,保证了nginx的高可用性。
来自:http://www.it165.net/admin/html/201309/1831.html
作者:jackxiang@向东博客 专注WEB应用 构架之美 --- 构架之美,在于尽态极妍 | 应用之美,在于药到病除
地址:https://jackxiang.com/post/7609/
版权所有。转载时必须以链接形式注明作者和原始出处及本声明!
评论列表