标题:[实践OK]FreeBSD 11.1 的 nslookup 、dig 指令,git和nc命令,CentOS如何只知道命令不知道哪个包,而通过YUM的provides命令反查nslookup所在的软件包的? 出处:向东博客 专注WEB应用 构架之美 --- 构架之美,在于尽态极妍 | 应用之美,在于药到病除 时间:Wed, 11 Oct 2017 22:29:10 +0000 作者:jackxiang 地址:https://jackxiang.com/post/9491/ 内容: 第一个问题,FreeBSD 10 之後的版本改用unbound 代替了bind 所以已經沒有 nslookup , dig 等指令 可以改用host , drill 等指令 但如果還是習慣 nslookup的話 可以安裝bind-tools 套件 #cd /usr/ports/dns/bind-tools #make install 安裝完後看看是否真的出現 # which nslookup /usr/local/bin/nslookup From:http://blog.sina.com.tw/helloworld/article.php?entryid=651089 cd /usr/ports/devel/git/ && make install clean nc FreeBSD自带,而netcat需要自己安装,如下: cd /usr/ports/net/netcat/ && make install clean 第二个问题,关于CentOS如何只知道命令不知道哪个包,而通过YUM的provides命令反查nslookup所在的软件包的? 32:bind-utils-9.9.4-51.el7.x86_64 : Utilities for querying DNS name servers 源 :updates 匹配来源: 文件名 :/usr/bin/nslookup yum provides *bin/nslookup 32:bind-utils-9.9.4-38.el7_3.3.x86_64 : Utilities for querying DNS name servers 源 :@updates 匹配来源: 文件名 :/usr/bin/nslookup ================================================ nslookup這個指令對於網路除錯來說,應該是很多人都很習慣的工具 如果發現安裝好的Linux系統少了這個指令 [root@example ~]# nslookup myip.pass.tw -bash: nslookup: command not found [root@example ~]# which nslookup /usr/bin/which: no nslookup in (/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin) 直接安裝看看咧? 找不到這個套件名稱 [root@example ~]# yum -y install nslookup Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Setting up Install Process Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.linode.com * epel: mirror.sfo12.us.leaseweb.net * extras: mirrors.linode.com * updates: mirrors.linode.com No package nslookup available. Error: Nothing to do 試試 yum provides 看看nslookup 是包含在哪個套件中 [root@example ~]# yum provides nslookup Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.linode.com * epel: mirror.sfo12.us.leaseweb.net * extras: mirrors.linode.com * updates: mirrors.linode.com Warning: 3.0.x versions of yum would erroneously match against filenames. You can use "*/nslookup" and/or "*bin/nslookup" to get that behaviour No Matches found 依提示再搜尋一下,可以發現包含在bind-utils 套件中 [root@example ~]# yum provides */nslookup Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.linode.com * epel: mirror.sfo12.us.leaseweb.net * extras: mirrors.linode.com * updates: mirrors.linode.com base/filelists_db | 6.4 MB 00:00 epel/filelists_db | 7.7 MB 00:01 extras/filelists_db | 25 kB 00:00 updates/filelists_db | 1.5 MB 00:00 zsh-4.3.11-4.el6.centos.2.x86_64 : A powerful interactive shell Repo : base Matched from: Filename : /usr/share/zsh/4.3.11/functions/nslookup 32:bind-utils-9.8.2-0.62.rc1.el6.x86_64 : Utilities for querying DNS name servers Repo : base Matched from: Filename : /usr/bin/nslookup 32:bind-utils-9.8.2-0.62.rc1.el6_9.2.x86_64 : Utilities for querying DNS name servers Repo : updates Matched from: Filename : /usr/bin/nslookup 32:bind-utils-9.8.2-0.62.rc1.el6_9.4.x86_64 : Utilities for querying DNS name servers Repo : updates Matched from: Filename : /usr/bin/nslookup 32:bind-utils-9.8.2-0.62.rc1.el6_9.1.x86_64 : Utilities for querying DNS name servers Repo : updates Matched from: Filename : /usr/bin/nslookup [root@example ~]# yum provides *bin/nslookup Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.linode.com * epel: mirrors.kernel.org * extras: mirrors.linode.com * updates: mirrors.linode.com 32:bind-utils-9.8.2-0.62.rc1.el6.x86_64 : Utilities for querying DNS name servers Repo : base Matched from: Filename : /usr/bin/nslookup 32:bind-utils-9.8.2-0.62.rc1.el6_9.2.x86_64 : Utilities for querying DNS name servers Repo : updates Matched from: Filename : /usr/bin/nslookup 32:bind-utils-9.8.2-0.62.rc1.el6_9.4.x86_64 : Utilities for querying DNS name servers Repo : updates Matched from: Filename : /usr/bin/nslookup 32:bind-utils-9.8.2-0.62.rc1.el6_9.1.x86_64 : Utilities for querying DNS name servers Repo : updates Matched from: Filename : /usr/bin/nslookup 安裝 bind-utils [root@example ~]# yum -y install bind-utils Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Setting up Install Process Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.linode.com * epel: mirrors.kernel.org * extras: mirrors.linode.com * updates: mirrors.linode.com Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package bind-utils.x86_64 32:9.8.2-0.62.rc1.el6_9.4 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: bind-libs = 32:9.8.2-0.62.rc1.el6_9.4 for package: 32:bind-utils-9.8.2-0.62.rc1.el6_9.4.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: liblwres.so.80()(64bit) for package: 32:bind-utils-9.8.2-0.62.rc1.el6_9.4.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libisccfg.so.82()(64bit) for package: 32:bind-utils-9.8.2-0.62.rc1.el6_9.4.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libisccc.so.80()(64bit) for package: 32:bind-utils-9.8.2-0.62.rc1.el6_9.4.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libisc.so.83()(64bit) for package: 32:bind-utils-9.8.2-0.62.rc1.el6_9.4.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libdns.so.81()(64bit) for package: 32:bind-utils-9.8.2-0.62.rc1.el6_9.4.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libbind9.so.80()(64bit) for package: 32:bind-utils-9.8.2-0.62.rc1.el6_9.4.x86_64 --> Running transaction check ---> Package bind-libs.x86_64 32:9.8.2-0.62.rc1.el6_9.4 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================= Package Arch Version Repository Size ============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================= Installing: bind-utils x86_64 32:9.8.2-0.62.rc1.el6_9.4 updates 189 k Installing for dependencies: bind-libs x86_64 32:9.8.2-0.62.rc1.el6_9.4 updates 892 k Transaction Summary ============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================= Install 2 Package(s) Total download size: 1.1 M Installed size: 2.7 M Downloading Packages: (1/2): bind-libs-9.8.2-0.62.rc1.el6_9.4.x86_64.rpm | 892 kB 00:00 (2/2): bind-utils-9.8.2-0.62.rc1.el6_9.4.x86_64.rpm | 189 kB 00:00 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 44 MB/s | 1.1 MB 00:00 Running rpm_check_debug Running Transaction Test Transaction Test Succeeded Running Transaction Installing : 32:bind-libs-9.8.2-0.62.rc1.el6_9.4.x86_64 1/2 Installing : 32:bind-utils-9.8.2-0.62.rc1.el6_9.4.x86_64 2/2 Verifying : 32:bind-libs-9.8.2-0.62.rc1.el6_9.4.x86_64 1/2 Verifying : 32:bind-utils-9.8.2-0.62.rc1.el6_9.4.x86_64 2/2 Installed: bind-utils.x86_64 32:9.8.2-0.62.rc1.el6_9.4 Dependency Installed: bind-libs.x86_64 32:9.8.2-0.62.rc1.el6_9.4 Complete! 来自:http://blog.sina.com.tw/helloworld/article.php?pbgid=170996&entryid=657249 Generated by Jackxiang's Bo-blog 2.1.1 Release